Copper(II) sulfate
Copper(II) sulfate
CAS: 7758-98-7;10124-44-4
Molecular Formula: CuO4S
Copper(II) sulfate - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Copper(II) sulfate |
| Synonyms | COPPERSULFATE Cupric sulfate Copper sulfate Copper sulphate Copper(II)sulfate Copper(II) sulfate copper(2+) sulfate cupric sulfate anhydrous Sulfuric acid, copper salt COPPER SULPHATE (FEED GRADE) Copper (II) sulfate anhydrous Copper(II) sulfate,Cupric sulfate Coppersulfateanhydrousgreenpowder Copper(II) sulfate anhydrous, extra pure, Ph Eur, USP, BP |
| CAS | 7758-98-7 10124-44-4 |
| EINECS | 231-847-6 |
| InChI | InChI=1/Cu.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 |
| InChIKey | ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L |
Copper(II) sulfate - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | CuO4S |
| Molar Mass | 159.61 |
| Density | 3.603g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | 200°C (dec.)(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 330°C at 760 mmHg |
| Water Solubility | 203 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | H2O: soluble |
| Vapor Presure | 7.3 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
| Appearance | powder |
| Specific Gravity | 3.603 |
| Color | Slightly greenish to gray |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 1 mg/m3NIOSH: IDLH 100 mg/m3; TWA 1 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,2653 |
| PH | 3.5-4.5 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Storage Condition | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
| Stability | hygroscopic |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Density 1.04 melting point 560°C (dec.) water-soluble 203g/L (20°C) |
| Use | Mainly used as textile mordant, agricultural pesticides, water fungicides, preservatives, also used for tanning, copper plating, mineral processing, etc |
Copper(II) sulfate - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R22 - Harmful if swallowed R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S22 - Do not breathe dust. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| UN IDs | UN 3288 6.1/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | GL8800000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2833 25 00 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 481 mg/kg |
Copper(II) sulfate - Upstream Downstream Industry
Copper(II) sulfate - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
white, light gray-white to light green-white orthogonal crystal or amorphous powder. Decomposition Id 560 at about 3.6 °c. Easy to absorb moisture. Soluble in water, the solution is acidic, insoluble in ethanol.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Copper(II) sulfate - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
- sulfuric acid method: the copper powder is calcined at 600~700 ℃ to oxidize it into copper oxide, which is then decomposed and clarified by sulfuric acid to remove insoluble impurities, cooled and crystallized, filtered and dried, finished copper sulfate was obtained.
- electrolyte recovery method: waste electrolyte (including Cu50 ~ 60g/L,H2 S04180 ~ 200g/L) with the roasting treated copper mud made of fine copper powder (its composition is Cu 65% ~ 70%, Cu0 20% ~ 30%, and contains a small amount of Cu20, etc.), the clear solution was cooled and crystallized, separated and dried to obtain copper sulfate.
- recovery method: the copper pollution is a copper compound precipitate in the copper acetate ammonia solution in the copper washing tower of the synthetic ammonia feed gas in the nitrogen fertilizer plant. After roasting at 700 ° C., it is oxidized to copper oxide and then reacted with sulfuric acid to generate copper sulfate.
- dissolution of copper and iron precipitation acid leaching, chemical concentration crystallization method: low grade copper oxide ore (cu03%) is crushed to a certain particle size, and sulfuric acid is added for impregnation, copper sulfate leaching solution with copper-iron ratio greater than 100 was obtained by direct acid leaching with a copper-iron-dissolving and iron-precipitating agent (composed of manganese, vanadium and copper compounds), followed by addition of chemical concentrates (composed of calcium and sulfur compounds). Chemical concentration, discharge 70% ~ 90% of water, a little evaporation, cooling crystallization, centrifugal separation, air drying, prepared copper sulfate products.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Copper(II) sulfate - Application
Open Data Verified Data
In the chemical industry for the manufacture of other copper salts such as cuprous cyanide, cuprous chloride, cuprous oxide and other products. The dye industry is used to produce copper-containing monoazo dyes such as reactive brilliant blue, reactive Violet, Phthalocyanine Blue and other copper complexing agents. It is also a catalyst for intermediates in organic synthesis, fragrances and dyes. The pharmaceutical industry is often used directly or indirectly as astringents and auxiliary raw materials for the production of isoniazid and pyrimethamine. The coating industry is used for copper oleate as a toxic agent for Ship Bottom antifouling paint. Electroplating industry for sulfate copper plating and wide temperature bright acid copper ion additive. Food grade is used as an antimicrobial agent, a nutritional supplement. Agricultural use as pesticides and copper-containing pesticides.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
Copper(II) sulfate - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
lined with polyethylene plastic bag, jacket plastic woven bag or hemp bag packaging. The net weight of each bag is 25kg and 50kg. Feed grade copper sulfate Using Food-grade low-pressure polyethylene film bag, jacket polypropylene woven bag packaging. 25kg net weight per bag. Toxic substances. Risk code: GB6.1 class 61519. It shall be stored in dry warehouse, and shall not be stored and mixed with edible goods, seeds and feed. It shall be protected from rain and sunlight during transportation. When loading and unloading should be light to prevent packaging damage. In case of fire, it can be suppressed by water and various fire-retardants. Both copper and its salts are toxic. Has a stimulating effect on the skin, dust irritation eyes. Therefore, the maximum allowable concentration of metal copper in the working environment is 1mg/m3, and the average of each shift is 0. 5mg/m3. Workers should wear masks to prevent inhalation when aerosols of copper (Cu) and its compounds are present in the air. Wear protective glasses. Wear anti-dust work clothes. Take a warm shower after work.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Copper(II) sulfate - Reference Information
| inorganic compound | copper sulfate is an inorganic compound that is used by the inorganic industry to make other copper salts such as cuprous chloride, cupric chloride, cupric pyrophosphate, cuprous oxide, copper acetate, copper carbonate, etc. The common form of copper sulfate is Crystal, anhydrous copper sulfate is white crystal powder, and may also be light gray green due to impurities, which is a soluble copper salt. The relative density is 3.603, the solubility in water is 23.05g at 25 ° C, insoluble in ethanol and ether, soluble in water, the aqueous solution is blue, is a strong acid and weak alkali salt, the hydrolysis solution is weakly acidic, it has a strong ability to kill pathogens and is widely used in the prevention and treatment of fish diseases in aquaculture. The solution is concentrated and crystallized to obtain blue crystals of copper sulfate pentahydrate, commonly known as bile alum, Stone Gall, copper alum or Blue alum, toxic, odorless, with metal astringency, stable at normal temperature and pressure, not deliquescent, in dry air will gradually weathering, heated to 45 deg C when the loss of two molecules of crystal water, 110 deg C when the loss of four molecules of crystal water, it loses all the crystal water at 150 ℃ and becomes anhydrous (water absorption can be converted into bile alum), and decomposes into copper oxide and sulfur trioxide at 650 ℃. The aqueous copper sulfate solution exhibits a blue color due to the hydrated copper ion, This property is commonly used in the laboratory to test for the presence of water. In the real production life, commonly used in the refining of refined copper, mixed with slaked lime can be prepared pesticide Bordeaux mixture. Copper ions in copper sulfate can destroy the three-dimensional structure of protein, so that denaturation. Determination of protein concentration is often added to the protein base, then add copper sulfate solution, the solution will turn purple, this reaction is called the Biuret reaction. copper sulfate is a heavy metal salt, toxic, adult Lethal dose 0.9g/kg. If eating, should immediately eat a lot of milk, egg white and other protein-rich foods, or the use of EDTA calcium sodium detoxification. |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | grams dissolved per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 23.1g/0 ℃;27.5g/10 ℃;32g/20 ℃;37.8g/30 ℃;44.6g/40 ℃; 61.8g/60 ℃;83.8g/80 ℃;114g/100 ℃ |
| Prevention and Control of aquatic diseases | copper sulfate can prevent and control some fish diseases caused by algae, such as starch egg dinoflagellates and mud Moss (filamentous algae) Attachment disease, can be treated with copper sulfate concentration of 0.7ppm of the whole pool of treatment; Can also control the disease caused by protozoa, such as hidden flagellosis, ciliate disease, Chinese furunculosis, etc., were treated with a 0.7ppm mixture of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2). But it does not mean that all diseases caused by algae and parasites can be treated with copper sulfate, such as small melon disease and egg follicle disease can not use copper sulfate, because copper sulfate can not kill small melon worm, on the contrary, it will make the small melon insects multiply; And the water quality of the pond with egg and algae disease is acidic, the use of copper sulfate will increase the acidity of the pool water, which is conducive to the growth of algae and aggravate the disease of fish. So remember not to blind application of copper sulfate, otherwise not only can not achieve the purpose of curing fish disease, sometimes will have a negative effect. Due to the accumulation of copper ions in the sediment in the water body, it is not conducive to the healthy development of aquaculture. Although it has not been listed as a ban on the use of drugs, it is not recommended to use it in breeding sites such as pollution-free bases. |
| identification test | solubility soluble in water; Insoluble in ethanol. According to the OT-42 method. 10% the sample solution was positive for copper test (IT-15) and sulfate test (IT-29). |
| content analysis | a sample of 1g (0.1ing) was taken and dissolved in 50ml of water. 4ml of glacial acetic acid and 3g of potassium iodide were added, and the released iodine was titrated with 0.1 mol/L sodium thiosulfate using a starch test solution (TS-235) as an indicator. At the same time, the blank test was carried out and the necessary correction was made. Per mL of 0.1mol/L sodium thiosulfate equivalent to copper sulfate (CuSO4? 5H2O)24.97mg. |
| toxicity | ADI has not been defined (maximum allowable intake per day is 0.5mg/kg BW, calculated as Cu; FAO/WHO,2001). Ld50300 mg/kg (rat, oral). GRAS(FDA § 184.1261,2000). |
| Use limit | GB 14880-94; As a Nutrition Fortifier, can be used in dairy products, 5.7~7.5mg/kg; Infant food, 7.5~10mg/kg. FAO/WHO(1984): Swiss emmentaer cheese, 15mg/kg (in Cu). BATF,27CFR,§ 240.1051,2000: wine, brandy, distilled white spirit, 0.2mg/kg (as Cu). In Japan, the copper content of milk substitute drinks, which are used to strengthen copper in milk substitute, should not exceed 0.6mg per liter of standard milk concentration. Can be used as green beans and other chlorophyll-containing plant color fixative, due to the toxicity of the relationship is now China is not allowed to use. |
| Use of copper sulfate | copper sulfate can be used to kill fungi. Combined with lime water to produce the mixture of the wax, used to control the lemon, grape and other crops on the fungus. Dilute solution is used for sterilization and removal of snails in aquariums. Since copper ions are toxic to fish, the dosage must be strictly controlled. Most fungi require only a very low concentration of copper sulfate to be killed. In addition, copper sulfate can also be used to control E. Coli. Sulfuric acid water solution has a strong bactericidal effect, agriculture is mainly used to control fruit trees, malt, potato, rice and other diseases, the effect is good, but the effect of rust, powdery mildew is poor. At the same time, the plant damage, while only on the copper ion tolerance of crops or fruit trees in the dormant period. Is a preventive fungicide, need to be used before the onset of the disease. It can also be used to remove algae in paddy fields and ponds. It is also a kind of trace element fertilizer, which can improve the stability of chlorophyll, prevent chlorophyll from being destroyed prematurely, promote the absorption of crops, lose green when the crops lack copper, and when the fruit tree lacks copper, the fruit is small and the pulp becomes hard, in severe cases, fruit trees die, and the crops sensitive to copper are cereal crops such as wheat, barley, oats, etc., which are mainly used for seed treatment and root dressing. |
| analytical reagent | copper sulfate is required for several chemical analyses. It is used in the testing of reducing sugars in Fehling's reagent and in the reagent of ban. In the reaction, the divalent copper ions are reduced to a valently insoluble red precipitated cuprous oxide. Copper sulfate can also be used in Biuret reagents to detect proteins. Copper sulfate can be used to test for anemia. The blood sample is dripped into the copper sulfate solution. If the blood sample contains enough hemoglobin, the blood sample will rapidly sink; If the hemoglobin content is not enough, the blood sample will be suspended in the solution. The flame reaction of copper sulfate blue-green, much more blue than the color of barium ions. |
| animal feed additive | copper sulfate is an important trace element additive for animal feed. Copper can promote bone marrow to produce red blood cells, which is one of the important hematopoietic elements. It is related to the formation of red blood cells and hemoglobin, and is related to the content of catalase, cytochrome C and cytochrome oxidase in tissues. It also catalyzes the complexation of iron and promotes the absorption of methionine (synergistic effect of about 10%). Adding copper sulfate in the diet, can effectively prevent and treat livestock and poultry anemia, limb weakness, poor bone growth, joint enlargement, osteoporosis, growth retardation, heart failure, gastrointestinal dysfunction and other symptoms. Promote the growth of livestock and aquatic animals, enhance disease resistance, improve feed utilization. The sheep can also improve the amount of wool and improve the quality of hair, the pig has a similar role in promoting the growth of antibiotics. Analysis (2011-02-08) |
| Chemical properties | dark blue triclinic crystals or blue crystalline particles or powders. With an unpleasant metallic taste. Slow weathering in dry air. The relative density was 2.284. More than 150 ~ C to form a white water absorption of anhydrous copper sulfate. Decomposition into copper oxide at 650 °c. Soluble in water (26.3g/100g,20 degrees C), acidic, 0.1mol/L aqueous solution of pH 4.17(15 degrees C). Soluble in glycerol, soluble in dilute ethanol, insoluble in anhydrous ethanol. |
| Use | nutritional supplements; Antimicrobial agents; Curing agents; Processing aids. used as analytical reagent, dehydrating agent and gas desiccant mainly used as textile mordant, agricultural insecticide, water bactericide, preservative, also used for tanning, copper plating, is used as food fortifier. China can be used for dairy products, the use of 12~16mg/kg; In infant food for 7.5~10mg/kg; In the drink for 4~5 mg/kg. copper is a component of many enzymes in livestock and poultry. The appropriate concentration of copper ions can activate pepsin, improve the digestive function of livestock and poultry, and also participate in the hematopoietic process. It has a special function to maintain the shape of the body organs and the maturity of the tissues, which can promote the growth and development. It has a great influence on the color, central nervous system and reproductive function of livestock and poultry. detection of glucose |
| production method | copper oxide-dilute sulfuric acid method. The black copper oxide is calcined at 600 ℃ with the waste copper as raw material, and the oxidation rate is required to be more than 80%. The mother liquor was added to the reactor and then sulfuric acid was added to a concentration of 150g/L. The addition of copper oxide was started when the temperature was raised to 90 ° C., and the reaction was stirred until the relative density of the liquid phase was 1.3-1.32. After evaporation and concentration to a relative density of 1.38-1.40, the product is obtained by cooling crystallization, centrifugation and drying. black copper oxide is calcined at 600 ° C. Using copper scrap as a raw material, and the oxidation rate is required to be more than 80%. The mother liquor is added into the reactor first, and then sulfuric acid is added to a concentration of 1.30g/L; Copper oxide is added when the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, and the reaction is stirred until the relative density of the liquid phase is 1.32; after evaporation and concentration to a relative density of 1.38~1.40, the product is obtained by cooling crystallization, centrifugal separation and drying. CuO + H2SO4 + 4H2O → CuSO4 · 5H2O copper oxide was dissolved in dilute sulfuric acid, concentrated and evaporated. |
| category | pesticide |
| toxicity grade | high toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 300 mg/kg |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low-temperature drying; Separate from food storage and transportation |
| extinguishing agent | Water |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 0.1 mg (copper)/m3; Tel 0.4 mg (copper)/M3 |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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